ABSTRACT
Aims:To determine the effect of the DASH Diet on the Blood Pressure of the male hypertensive office employees between 33-55 years of age. Place and Duration of Study:The study was conducted at Abhitex International Company, Panipat, Haryana, India between November 2018 to January 2019. Methodology:The Clinical blood pressure of the office employees of Abhitex International company, Panipat, between the age group of 35 to 55 years was recorded, following the international guidelines given by American Heart Association(AHA) and American College of Cardiology. Purposive sampling was done and the employees who had clinical blood pressure above 120/80 mm Hg were considered as the samples for the study. The dietary pattern of the samples was evaluated by checking the adherence to the DASH diet which was done through a questionnaire and 3 days 24-hour diet recall. Dietary adherence was assessed using a scoring scheme adoptedby Folsom and colleagues. Samples were made aware of the DASH Diet and post one month the adherence to DASH Diet was again checked and the change in the clinical blood pressure was observed.Results:There were 50 study participants. The mean age of the participants was 41.5 years. The average Systolic blood pressure of the 50 participants in the pre-test was 149.3 mm of Hg and average diastolic blood pressure was 89.58 mm of Hg. Pre Nutrition Education Program, the total mean DASH adherence score was4.3 out of 10 but post NEP and after following DASH Diet, the adherence score for the DASH Diet improved and resulted in 6.7 which indicated that the samples adhered more to the DASH Diet post NEP. There were reductions in systolic (149.30±18.98 mmHg to 146.12±14.85 mmHg) and diastolic (89.58±8.76 mmHg to86.28±4.76 mmHg) blood pressures when the subjects adhered towards the DASH Diet. A significant difference at p=0.05(p=0.039*) in the pre and post-systolic blood pressure was observed in the study. A similar trend was also noticed in the pre and post-diastolic blood pressure which showed a highly significant difference at p=0.05(p=0.002**).Conclusion:It was concluded from the study that the improvement in the DASH Diet adherence score was associated with a reduction in the Clinical blood pressure. There was a reduction in systolic (149.30±18.98 mmHg to 146.12±14.85 mmHg) and diastolic (89.58±8.76 mmHg to 86.28±4.76 mmHg) blood pressures with an improvement of DASH Adherence Score (4.3±1.27 to 6.7±1.19)
ABSTRACT
Background: Maternal Nutrition plays an important role in shaping the mother’s and fetal health. Therefore intake of high salt, high fat, high sugar in the diet might lead to over nutrition among pregnant women due to varied food choices of the since most of the subjects consumed outside food, Sugar Sweetened Beverages such as (Cola, Pepsi, Thumps Up, Soda, Sherbet etc), Processed Food such as(Ready to eat food, Mayonnaise, Cheese spread etc) which consist of increase amount of preservative which might affect the mother and foetal’s health. Since there was increase intake of above food groups and decrease intake of macro and micronutrients in the diet through food group such as Fruits, Nuts and Oilseed, Green Leafy Vegetables etc. Therefore there might be increased risk of Over nutrition among women which might lead to GDM (Gestational Diabetes Mellitus), IUGR(Intra Uterine Growth Retardation), Low Birth weight etc.Aim: To study the impact of dietary pattern on Nutritional of pregnant women in Low and High Strata. Method: A purposive random sampling was done among pregnant women because only 2ndtrimester pregnant women were selected for the study. The 50 subjects were divided into LSES (Lower Socioeconomic Strata) &HSES (Higher Socioeconomic Strata) on the basis of Kuppuswamy Index. The dietary pattern of the subjects was assessed through FFQ (Food Frequency Questionnaire) & 3 Day Diet Recall. Result: There was increase consumptionof High Fat, High Salt, High Sugar in the diet through consumption if food group such as Outside Food, Processed Food, Sugar Sweetened Beverages etc and in comparison the consumption of Macro and Micronutrient rich food group was lower which included Fruits, Green Leafy Vegetables, Nuts and oilseed etc. In Lower Strata the consumption of above food group was low because they were financially not stable therefore they were given additional services where the company paid their ration balance so that they could consume selective food group which were costing comparatively more. Since the RDA(Recommended Dietary Allowances) requirements were not met therefore the women were prescribed Iron, Calcium and Folic Acid supplements in the diet to decrease the risk ofMaternal and fetal complication such as GDM(Gestational Diabetes Mellitus), NTD(Neural Tube Defect), IUGR(Intra Uterine Growth Retardation) etc.Conclusion: Therefore to decrease the risk of Maternal and Fetal Complications intake of Macro and Micro nutritions in the diet is imperative and it is important to organize Nutrition Intervention programmes and counsel the pregnant women about Maternal Nutrition and how decrease intake of Nutrients in the diet might lead to Maternal Under nutrition and over nutrition and its related risk